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Sndgems jewelry guides are easy to use, interesting and helpful guide to buying jewelry onle. Our jewelry guides are indispensable guide to judging jewelry characterstics, distinguishing genuine from imitation, making wise choices, useful to all type of consumers, from professional jewelry to online searchers. Our diamond guides help everyone in viewing diamonds as gemologists, diamond experts, diamond dealers, experienced lapidaries, diamond buyers and online customers. Our diamond guides dissects each aspect of diamond value in detail with a wealth of diamond grading information. Our gemstone guides help everyone in viewing colored gemstones as gemologists, gem dealers, experienced lapidaries, gem buyers and online customers. Our gemstone guides dissects each aspect of ruby, sapphire, ruby value in detail with a wealth of gemstone grading information. Our guides offers step-by-step instructions for how to examine and judge the quality and craftsmanship and materials even if you dont know anything about jewelry. If you're thinking of buying jewelry online this guide is a best place to start. Our guides will help you to know about jewelry details such as finishes, settings, flaws and fakes. Our guides cover diamonds, gemstones, jewelry craftsmanship, treatments, diamond and gems sources, appraisals. There is something for everyone. Identification of Synthetic or Fake Rubies and Sapphires from Genuine Rubies and Sapphires Guidelines Synthetic Ruby and Sapphire have been sold commercially from early 1900s. For Online Shoppers it is very difficult to distinguish between Fake & Natural Rubies and Sapphires. Snthetic or Lab Grown Sapphires will be exceptionally large, free of inclusions, good saturated color, a closed-back setting and at unbelievable low prices. We have provided ruby and sapphire buying tips for identifying genuine rubies and sapphires from fake rubies and sapphires for our online shoppers shopping at our ruby and sapphire jewelry online jewelry store. Flux Grown Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires are made by dissolving nutrients in a molten chemical call flux. They have inclusions similar to natural rubies and sapphires. These are marketed as Chatham, Ramaura, Kashan, Knischka and Lechleitner. Hydrothermal Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires are made by dissolving nutrients at high temperature and pressures in a solution of water and chemicals. These are marketed as Tairus and and Russian hydrothermal. Flame Fusion Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires are made by melting powdered chemicals with a gas flame and then allowing the molton chemicals to cool and crytalize at normal pressure. Melt Pulled Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires are flawless and are mostly used for commercial purposes and not much in jewelry. Looking through a magnifier is not going to do the trick and some tests and equipments are required to distinguish between Fake & Natural Rubies and Sapphires.
Shape and Cutting Style Test Natural Rubies and Sapphires of one carat weight or more are cut into ovals, rounds, emerald cut, pears and cushion cuts. Large size natural rubies and sapphires that are round and emerald cut are available but at premium prices. Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires are easily available in round and emerald cut and are available but at low prices. Scissor Cut where facets form a X on all four sides of crowns used for reactangular shapes on a stone being sold as natural ruby or sapphire is most likely to be fake.
Under Magnification Curved Line or Band Test Under 10X Magnification Curved Lines that look like Grooves and that extend across facets can often be seen in synthetic rubies and sapphires. Curved lines and bands are sometimes not visible sometimes under magnification and colored filters and immersion methods may be needed to make the bands visible. Two Color Test Place the dichroscope or perpendicular polaroid strips in front of the table of the stone and try to locate two dichroic colors - violetish blue and greenish blue for a blue sapphire. If it is a ruby it will show both a red orange and red purple color. Emeralds will show bluish green and yellowish green. If both the colors can be seen then it is a genuine stone. Glass and cubic zirconia exhibit only one color. Singly refractive stones garnet and spinel will only show one color. Dichroscope Test Gemologists look for two colors through a cylindrical instrument called dichroscope. When you look at a well cut stone you'll see two squares or circles. The squares or circles can be of two colors for stones like ruby, sapphire and emerald that are dichroscope. Lab grown rubies, emeralds and sapphires will not be detected with this instrument. Gemologists can sometimes detect lab grown rubies, emeralds and sapphires if they are genuine using dichroscope. Closed Back Test If the ruby or sapphire is already set in a jewelry look at the back of the setting and if the stones bottom is blocked from view or enclosed in the settings metal the chances are the stone is synthetic or inferior quality. No Inclusions Test Under 10X Magnification if ruby and emerald show no inclusions it is most probably sn imitation or sythetic. Sapphires can be found with good clarity but you see no inclusions but you should be suspicious. Stones less than half a carat can sometimes be flawless.
Refractive Index Test The speed of light varies in different transparent materials. Each material has a characteristic refractive index, which is the ratio of the speed of light in empty space to the speed of light in the material. Because the speed of light is greatest in empty space, the refractive index of a material is always greater than 1. Gemstones are generally designed so that light entering them from the viewing side (the crown) is internally reflected by facets on its back side (the pavilion) and directed to exit the gem through facets on the crown to the eye of the viewer. Natural Rubies and Sapphires have slightly higher refractive index than Lab Grown Synthetic Emeralds. Natural Rubies and Sapphires have a refractive index of 1.762 - 1.770 (plus .009 minus .005) and Lab Grown Synthetic Rubies and Sapphires have a refractive index of 1.561 to 1.564. No other dichrotic gem has same refractive indes like ruby and sapphire. Gemologists use refractometer for evaluating ruby, emerald and sapphire from other gems. Identification of Ruby, Sapphire Sources - If they're from Burma, Ceylon or Thailand Refractive Index of Ruby and Sapphire vary by plus .009 minus .005. Because there is a correlation between place of origin of ruby and sapphire and refrative index due to impurities found in rubies and sapphires from different sources. Refractometer can help in identifying if ruby or sapphire are from Burma, Ceylon or Thailand. Sndgems.com offers free complimentary refractometer with purchase of ruby and sapphire jewelry at their online jewelry store. This will be a big leap in assuring our online buyers that the ruby and sapphire that they are getting is not only genuine but will know the source of fine genuine rubies and sapphires set in our beautiful sapphire and ruby jewelry online.
Cross Polarized Test This test is done by placing the stone between two polaroid lenses or filters which have been rotated to prevent light from passing through them. Because of the crystal structure of ruby and sapphire light enters them and is then split into two beams which travel at different spees at right angles to each other. Doubly refractive stones like ruby, sapphire and emerald will turn light and then turn dark as they are rotated between cross polarized filters. Glass, garnet and spinel which are often confused for ruby and sapphire are singly refractive which means that light passes through them at one speed and in all directions. When rotated between cross polarized filters they remain dark. Polariscope Test Gemologists do the cross polarized filters test using an instrument called polariscope - consists of two polaroid filters mounted in the metal above the light. Online shoppers can use their old polarized sunglasses by popping out one of the lenses of the sunglass, a wine glass with a wide rim and use old polarizing filter from the camera. Place the polarized popped out lens in the bottom of the glass and put the stone on the lens with the bottom resting on the lens and if ruby or sapphire is in a setting then hold it at an angle over the lens. Natural, sapphires and emeralds usually do not show the light to dark blinking. Then place the sunglass over the rim of the wine glass. Get a desk lamp and aim it at the bottom of the wine glass stem so that light will reflect up through the bottom of the wine glass and polaroid lens. Now place a white tupperware below the wine glass making light easier to come through the bottom. Rotate the position of sunglass so that they they're parallel to each other, they look black with no light passing though it. Rotate the stone using a long object if the stone doesnot change from light to dark and if stays dark in all positions the stone is not doubly refractive and therefore not a genuine ruby, sapphire or emerald.
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